Current: The amount of electricity passing through any cross-section of a conductor per unit of time, expressed in I, in amperes (A). Among them, IF is the forward current, IR is the reverse current, and IFp is the maximum forward current.

Voltage: A physical quantity that measures the energy difference generated by a unit charge in an electrostatic field due to different potentials, expressed in U and expressed in volts (V). Among them, VF is the forward voltage, VR is the reverse voltage, and VFL is the low current voltage.

Electric power: refers to the work done by current per unit time, representing the physical quantity of how fast or how slow electrical energy is consumed. It is represented by P, and its unit is watt, abbreviated as watt, with the symbol W. The power of general LEDs includes optical power and thermal power, among which the power used for emitting light is called optical power, and the power lost is called thermal power.